In the realm of retinal physiology, photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGGs) represent a groundbreaking discovery. These photoreceptors, recently unveiled within the human retina, hold the key to unveiling the potential of contemporary and emerging lighting technologies. Their role in shaping the human mind, brain, and behavior is truly transformative.

This Element offers a deep dive into the convergence of new knowledge and diverse perspectives from the fields of visual neuroscience, psychology, sleep science, and architecture. It explores the ways in which ipRGG functions, mediated by melanopsin, can be quantified and their circuits manipulated for the betterment of human well-being and environmental design.

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